Vector Addition

Two vectors can be combined by adding their corresponding components together.
i.e. (v_x, v_y, v_z) + (w_x, w_y, w_z) is (v_x+w_x, v_y+w_y, v_z+w_z ).

Or, written more expansively:

  | vx |     | wx |     | vx + wx |
  | vy |  +  | wy |  =  | vy + wy |  
  | vz |     | wz |     | vz + wz |

The result is a vector that is equivalent to sticking the vector W onto the end of vector V, and creating a new vector from the beginning of V to the end of W.