Current copyright

Berne Convention

Covered: "original works of authorship" (literary, dramatic, musical, artistic)
including: any text, music (scores, lyrics), pictorial works (maps, drawings, paintings, prints, photographs), sound recordings, motion pictures, sculpture, dance notation, architecture
Duration: life + 70 years
works for hire: 95 years (or 120 if unpublished, whichever is shorter)
Formalities: no registration or notice required
copyright exists immediately, upon "fixation" of work
registration required for infringement suit
Exclusive rights:
  • copying & distribution
  • derivative works
  • public performance
  • public display
  • sound recordings - digital audio transmission
  • visual art - "moral rights" (attribution & integrity)
Not covered:
  • works not fixed in tangible medium (dance performance, improvised speech, etc)
  • words/titles/names/short phrases
  • "mere listings of ingredients or contents"
  • ideas / procedures / methods
  • facts / information containing no original authorship (calendars, phone numbers, measurements)
Exceptions: "first sale" doctrine, "fair use" (now mentioned in statute)